Profit & Loss Calculator

Calculate profit or loss percentage, selling price, cost price and discount. Standard Class 8–10 maths formulas.

Given Cost Price and Selling Price, find Profit or Loss %

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Select a mode and enter values to calculate.

Profit and loss formulas

Profit %
Profit% = (SP−CP)/CP × 100
If CP = ₹800, SP = ₹1000: Profit = ₹200, Profit% = 200/800 × 100 = 25%
Loss %
Loss% = (CP−SP)/CP × 100
If CP = ₹500, SP = ₹400: Loss = ₹100, Loss% = 100/500 × 100 = 20%
Selling Price from Profit%
SP = CP × (1 + P/100)
CP = ₹400, Profit% = 25%: SP = 400 × 1.25 = ₹500
Cost Price from SP + Profit%
CP = SP / (1 + P/100)
SP = ₹600, Profit% = 20%: CP = 600/1.2 = ₹500

Frequently asked questions

What is the difference between profit and profit percentage?

Profit is the absolute amount: SP − CP. Profit percentage expresses this as a fraction of CP: Profit% = (Profit/CP) × 100. A ₹100 profit on a ₹200 item is 50%, but a ₹100 profit on a ₹1000 item is only 10%.

How is discount different from loss?

Discount is offered on the Marked Price (MP) to arrive at Selling Price: SP = MP × (1 − D/100). Loss is calculated on Cost Price. You can offer a discount yet still make a profit if your CP is below SP.

What is Marked Price (MP)?

The Marked Price is the price printed on the tag or catalogue before any discount. SP = MP − Discount. MP is always ≥ SP. If MP > CP and discount brings SP still above CP, the seller makes a profit.

What does a negative profit% mean?

A negative profit percentage means a loss. For example, −15% means you made a 15% loss on cost price. Some questions give "loss%" directly — in that case use Loss% = (CP−SP)/CP × 100.

Is profit calculated on CP or SP?

In standard school mathematics (NCERT/CBSE), profit and loss percentages are always calculated on Cost Price (CP). In some retail contexts, gross margin is calculated on SP — but for class 8–10 exams, always use CP as the base.